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Clay Beauford
Clay Beauford (born Welford Chapman Bridwell; September 27, 1846 – February 1, 1905) was an American army officer, scout and frontiersman. An ex-Confederate soldier in his youth, he later enlisted in the U.S. Army and served with the 5th U.S. Cavalry during the Indian Wars against the Plains Indians from 1869 to 1873. He acted as a guide for Lieutenant Colonel George Crook in his "winter campaign" against the Apaches and received the Medal of Honor for his conduct.
From 1874 to 1877, Beauford served under indian agent John Clum as chief of scouts and captain of the San Carlos Apache Police.〔 He and Clum are credited for the capture of Geronimo at Ojo Caliente in 1877 and he is largely responsible for turning the San Carlos police into one of the most respected law enforcement agencies in the Southwestern United States during the frontier era.
He became a successful rancher and prospector in the years following his retirement. A popular pioneering figure during his lifetime, Beauford was briefly elected to Arizona's territorial legislature in 1885 to represent Graham County. Mount Buford in Maricopa County is named in his honor.
==Early life==
Beauford was born Welford Chapman Bridwell〔Collins, Charles. ''An Apache Nightmare: The Battle at Cibecue Creek''. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999. (pg. 237) ISBN 0-8061-3114-4〕〔Wagoner, Jay J. ''Arizona Territory, 1863-1912: A Political History''. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1970. (pg. 219)〕〔''American Indian Quarterly''. Vol. 3. Berkeley: University of California, 1978. (pg. 116)〕〔Owens, Ron. ''Medal of Honor: Historical Facts & Figures''. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, 2004. (pg. 192) ISBN 1-56311-995-1〕 in Washington County, Maryland on September 27, 1846, and later moved with his family to neighboring Virginia. At age 14, upon the start of the American Civil War, he ran away from home to join the Confederate Army. He enlisted under an alias, Clay Beauford, partly because of his age and to avoid being brought back home by his father. Beauford initially spent the first year of the war as a drummer boy with General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, however, he became a regular infantryman within a year.〔Barnes, Will Croft. ''Arizona Place Names''. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1960. (pg. 177)〕 In 1863, he saw action at Battle of Gettysburg and was among the 4,500 men who took part in Pickett's Charge. He was wounded in at least three other engagements before the end of the war:〔Thrapp, Dan L. ''Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography: A-F''. Vol. I. Norman: University of Nebraska Press, 1988. (pg. 168-169) ISBN 0-8032-9418-2〕 a gunshot wound to his kneecap, a second to his left hand, and a third which penetrated near the stomach.
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